[China Agricultural Machinery Industry News] "Intensive level is not high enough, extensive scale growth still exists, mechanization level is still relatively low, and it becomes an important bottleneck for land output rate, resource utilization, and labor productivity improvement, and is the development of facility agriculture. An important obstacle to the development of intelligence, information and modernization," said Yan Bin, dean of the Planning and Design Institute of the Ministry of Agriculture.
It is the key to break through the mechanization bottleneck in the development of pulse facility agriculture.
A few days ago, in Shenyang, the “2016 China Facilities Agriculture Industry Conference†hosted by the China Agricultural Mechanization Association Facilities Agriculture Branch, experts and scholars gathered together to jointly develop the industrial development of China's facilities agriculture.
Intensive level is not high
　　
Is a facility horticultural country but not a strong country
From the energy-saving solar greenhouse in 1988, it was promoted in Haicheng, Liaoning Province, with an annual output of 15,000 kg. In 1996, the second generation of energy-saving solar greenhouses was developed, with an annual output of 20,000 kg. The third-generation energy-saving solar greenhouse developed in this century has an annual output of nearly 30,000 kg and has achieved remarkable results.
The development of solar greenhouses in Liaoning is a microcosm of China's facility agriculture.
“In the country, the scale of industrial construction of facilities and agriculture has continued to grow. At present, from the perspective of the construction area of ​​facility agriculture, according to incomplete statistics, the greenhouses reached 46,200 hectares, the greenhouses were 697,000 hectares, and the plastic greenhouses were 1,367,700 hectares. It has become an important driving force for modern agriculture. In many places, facility agriculture has even become a pillar industry." Yan Bin said.
However, although China is a large country of facilities and horticulture, it is not a strong country. According to Li Tianlai, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, the area of ​​greenhouse plastic greenhouses in China accounts for more than 85% of the world's total. However, in terms of production efficiency, there are significant problems. For example, the output of land is very low. The average yield per mu is 4553 kilograms, and the annual average yield of vegetables in solar greenhouses is 7047 kilograms, which is one-sixth of the Dutch production.
The level of mechanization is not high
　　
Facility and equipment gap with developed countries
In recent years, China's facility agriculture has developed steadily and the level of mechanization has continued to increase. According to preliminary estimates, it reached 30.74% in 2015.
Liu Xian, president of the China Agricultural Mechanization Association, said that facility agriculture is an important part of China's modern agricultural construction, and the development of facilities agricultural technology and equipment has a very broad prospect. The China Agricultural Mechanization Association has gathered many resources in the field of one or two industries, which has great potential for development.
However, compared with developed countries, China has obvious gaps in the automation and informationization of agricultural machinery and equipment.
"As far as agricultural machinery and equipment are concerned, the facilities and equipment in the Netherlands are divided into 65 sub-categories, and there are only 37 in our country. 65 kinds of foreign equipment are used in large quantities, but many of them are still blank in China, and most of them are still in research and development. Stage." Director Liu Yunze of the Department of Agricultural Mechanization of the Ministry of Agriculture said.
For example, Li Tianlai, in the solar greenhouse, also has problems such as poor facilities and equipment, unscientific land use, low environmental regulation capacity, and low level of mechanization and automation.
Extensive scale growth
　　
Blind development lacks unified planning
As one of the 13 major grain producing provinces in the country and Liaoning, which is the advantageous area for vegetables and fruits in the country, Chen Jian, deputy director of the Liaoning Provincial Rural Economic Committee, said that by the end of 2015, the total output of facilities and agriculture in the province was 32.44 million tons. The total agricultural output value reached 72.9 billion.
However, the extensive scale growth of facility agriculture still exists. For example, Li Tianlai: The quality of the products in the solar greenhouse is not high, and both the appearance and nutritional quality should be improved.
"In the process of production, there is a lack of facilities for agricultural development planning in some areas, and there are many blind developments. Sometimes there are some facilities in some areas, far from towns and villages, lack of supporting facilities and no unified planning." Li Tian said.
"In the middle and lower reaches of the industry, the integration is not tight enough, the multi-functional expansion is not enough, and the comprehensive benefits still have a lot of room for improvement. The conversion rate of scientific research results is not high, especially the original scientific research results are not enough." Yan Bin believes.
Mono Ammonium Phosphate
Mono ammonium phosphate is an excellent nitrogen & phosphorus fertilizer. When in the soil it is acidic so it widely used in alkaline soil, and it is better not too close to the seeds in order to protect it. when we use it do not mixed together with alkaline fertilizers. When you have to use both, you`d better make them a few days apart. It can provides an equal balance of nitrogen and phosphorus. It also can help the root of crop grow vigorously, improve fruit quality and yield, enhance crop resistance to disasters.
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Mono Ammonium Phosphate
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Crystal
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Granular
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Items
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Standard
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Standard
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Appearance
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White crystal
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White or grey white Granular
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N
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12%min
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11%
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P
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61%min
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44%
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Fe
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0.0005 %max
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0.0005 %max
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NO3
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0.001 %max
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0.001 %max
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Moisture
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1.0%max
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1.5%max
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Water insoluble matter
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0.1%max
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--
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Size
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--
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2-4mm
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Mono ammonium Phosphate is suitable for general crops and soils especially alkaline soil, but there`re still some points to note.
1. Cannot be contacted/mixed with alkaline substances.
2. Cannot be applied on the same farmland for a long time.
3. Not too close to the seeds.
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