Construction of 3D Visualization Model of Tongkeng Mine Zinc Polymetallic Ore Body
With the development of computer processing capabilities and 3D visualization technology, mining 3D visualization software has been born, developed and popularized [1-3], which promotes the transition from 2D to 3D in computer-aided design of mining engineering. 3DMine is a Excellent 3D visualization software [4, 5]. The 3D visualization model is more intuitive and visual than the traditional AutoCAD 2D plane in terms of surface topography, ore body shape, and well engineering layout, making it easier for technicians to understand spatial relationships [6]. Copper and Zinc metals pit mine ore body of complex shape, difficult mining, for the efficient development - Zn ore, ore - zinc build three-dimensional visualization model is part of the research work.
3 Conclusion
(1) Combined with the specific mine examples, the construction process of the three-dimensional visualization model of the ore body is elaborated.
(2) By constructing a three-dimensional visualization model of complex ore bodies, the position between the surface, ore body, rock formation and roadway can be accurately and intuitively expressed, which provides a basis for mining designers to develop reasonable and safe mining design and construction planning. It can realize the rational planning and utilization of resources and the long-term scientific development of mines, and improve the economic benefits of enterprises.
[1] Zhai Dewen, Li Zhongxue, Li Chunming, et al. Visualization Technology and Its Application in Mining Industry[J]. Mining Research and Development, 2004, 24(6): 59-65.
[2] Li De, Zeng Qingtian, Wang Dewen. Research on 3D Visualization Mining Software Comprehensive Application Technology[J]. Mining Technology, 2009, 9(1): 19-23.
[3] Bak P, MillA.Three Dimensio nal Representation in a Geo-scientific Management System for the Minerals Industry [A].Three Dimensional
Applications in Geographic information system [C].Taylor & Francis,1989.[4] Beijing Dong Aoda Technology Co., Ltd. 3DMine Software Instructions (Second Edition) [Z]. Beijing: Beijing Dong Aoda Technology Co., Ltd., 2009 .
[5] Liu Yun, Gai Junpeng, Liu Ying. Establishing 3D model of mine geology using 3DMine software[J]. Mining Engineering, 2009, 7(5): 58-60.
[6] Xu Nengxiong, He Manchao, Jing Haihe. Three-dimensional visual modeling technique and application of discontinuous non-pleated rock mass[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2004, 23(15): 2534-2538.
[7] Yue, Mo talk, Wang Yu silver three-dimensional cross-sectional contour model [J] modern computer, 2009, (1): 62-64.
[8] Wu Lixin, Shi Wenzhong. Spatial Modeling Technology in Christopher Gold 3D GIS and 3D GMS[J].Geography and Geo-Information Science,2003,19(1):5-11.
[9] Wang iron, gold seeking wisdom, Zhihong distance power inverse ratio improved method and parameters preferably [J] Chinese Mining, 1994,3 (4): 47-50.
Source: Xinjiang Geology 2012, 30(2)
Author: Luoxian Wei, School of Resources and Safety Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
Qing-fa Chen, School of Resources and Safety Engineering , Central South University , Changsha 410083, China
Pan Guihai, Tongkeng Mine, Guangxi Huaxi Group Co., Ltd. , Hechi 547207 , Guangxi , China
Copyright:
1 geological overview
The Tongkeng Zinc polymetallic ore body is located at the junction of the west and middle belts of the Dachang tin polymetallic ore field, adjacent to the Changpo superlarge tin polymetallic deposit in the west and the Ba Li-Longtoushan super large tin polymetallic in the south. The deposit is a large skarn zinc polymetallic deposit with a dragon box cover in the north. A number of industrial ore bodies were found in the mine section, mainly including 7 layers of ore bodies such as No. 78, No. 82, No. 28-2, No. 94, No. 95, No. 96 and No. 97. The ore bodies are produced in layers. The cumulative thickness is 25.40m. Influenced by the deep development of NE in the area, the ore body extends from SW to NE, mainly distributed along the NW wing of the deflection, tending to NW, and tends to NNE direction to the inclined end. The ore body is simple in shape. It is tongue-shaped and spreads from SW to NE.
Construction of 3D Visual Model of Zinc Polymetallic Ore Body
2.1 3D visualization model construction process
3DMine software uses irregular triangulation technology, profile contour method and geostatistics method to construct three-dimensional visualization models of surface, ore body, block, roadway and stratum [7]. The technical process is shown in Figure 1.
The Tongkeng Zinc polymetallic ore body is located at the junction of the west and middle belts of the Dachang tin polymetallic ore field, adjacent to the Changpo superlarge tin polymetallic deposit in the west and the Ba Li-Longtoushan super large tin polymetallic in the south. The deposit is a large skarn zinc polymetallic deposit with a dragon box cover in the north. A number of industrial ore bodies were found in the mine section, mainly including 7 layers of ore bodies such as No. 78, No. 82, No. 28-2, No. 94, No. 95, No. 96 and No. 97. The ore bodies are produced in layers. The cumulative thickness is 25.40m. Influenced by the deep development of NE in the area, the ore body extends from SW to NE, mainly distributed along the NW wing of the deflection, tending to NW, and tends to NNE direction to the inclined end. The ore body is simple in shape. It is tongue-shaped and spreads from SW to NE.
Construction of 3D Visual Model of Zinc Polymetallic Ore Body
2.1 3D visualization model construction process
3DMine software uses irregular triangulation technology, profile contour method and geostatistics method to construct three-dimensional visualization models of surface, ore body, block, roadway and stratum [7]. The technical process is shown in Figure 1.
2.2 Surface model construction
According to the surface topographic map AutoCAD file, the various lines and points in the map are further layered and imported into 3DMine, the graphics are converted into real coordinates, and each layer is saved as a separate line file. Due to the problems of splicing, steep cliffs and missing local elevation marks in the topographic map, the connection relationship between the line segments is not clear. The contour lines must be classified according to the elevation of the contour lines to clarify the relationship between the line segments. At the steep cliffs and collapses, the contours are assigned in conjunction with the actual geomorphology and contour characteristics. For the contour of the closed building exterior wall, assign it according to the nearby measuring point elevation. Use the Generate DTM Surface command to generate a mine surface model (Figure 2). In order to make the surface model better simulate the real surface morphology, you can enhance the simulation effect by using the functions of imitation rendering, color rendering and adjusting lighting conditions.
2.3 ore body model construction
There are two types of ore body model construction [8]: one is based on the established borehole database, and the geological interpretation is carried out to define the ore body connection triangle network; the other is based on the geological section diagram, connecting the triangulation. This paper uses the second method to construct a three-dimensional model of ore body. The profile contains more information, and each profile needs to be pre-processed before vectorization, leaving only the lines that are useful for the model. In each section view, each numbered ore body is stored separately in the layer named after it, and each section is imported into 3DMine software for vectorization and storage. Then extract all the ore body profile lines of the same number of ore bodies in the figure and save them as separate line files. Zinc polymetallic ore bodies exhibit complex shapes, branching complexes and fault-displacement, etc., which need to be treated by control line and partition connection technology. The end of the ore body and the tip-off point are treated by the “extra-excavation ore body†function. The triangulation constructs a zinc polymetallic ore body model (Fig. 3).
2.4 block model construction
To understand important information such as geostatistics, resources, and distribution of useful elements, a block model needs to be constructed. The building block model needs to have three basic conditions: the ore body solid model, the drilling database and the grade estimation method. To build a geological database, it is necessary to organize the drilling data to conform to the 3DMine software specification and establish a corresponding empty database in 3DMine.
Import specification data through the import function. Connect to the database, set the drilling display style according to actual needs, and realize the three-dimensional display of the drilling. Taking the ore body solid model as a constraint, the samples were combined with a combined length of 0.5 m and a minimum effective length of 0.25 m to generate combined point data and saved. Taking into account factors such as ore body thickness, exploration density and minimum recoverable thickness, the block is 10m×10m×2m and the secondary module is 2.5m×2.5m×0.5m. The block model is generated according to the maximum size of the solid model, and the ore body model is added as a constraint to generate a block model with the ore body solid model as the boundary (Fig. 4). Before the block evaluation, it is necessary to establish a valuation attribute that is consistent with the record in the combined sample file. The valuation is the assignment calculation of the established attributes. This paper uses the distance power inverse ratio method to estimate the block [9]. After the evaluation is successful, the size of the ore body, the coordinates of the centroid point and the value of the grade attribute can be queried through the “Query Block Information†command, and the attribute value to be reported is set by the “Block Model Report†function. Through the display process, the distribution law of a certain grade inside the ore body is displayed on the screen in different colors. The block can also be constrained by specific constraints such as a certain grade interval, elevation, closed line, etc., which is convenient for observation and report. Details of an area.
2.5 roadway model construction
3DMine software provides two construction methods for midline generation roadway entity and waistline roadway modeling. Before constructing the roadway model, it is necessary to pre-process the plan, delete the points and lines unrelated to the construction of the model, import the profiles and vectorize them, so that the centerline and the waistline form a certain slope. When constructing the undeveloped roadway model, in the “Generate from section and centerline†setting dialog box, load the section file, set other parameters, and then select the left button to select all centerlines, and right click to execute. For the measured roadway model, firstly, the inner and outer sides of the waistline are closed and the exit of the roadway is inspected, and the false exit is processed by the control line. Then, in the “Building Roadway Entity from Waist Line†parameter dialog box, set the laneway parameters, determine the left left button to select the outer waistline and execute, then the laneway model can be generated. Boolean operations are performed on the generated roadway model, and the tunnel model triangulation is merged to form a through-passage and physical inspection is performed. The roadway model of the zinc polymetallic ore body constructed this time is shown in Fig. 5.
2.6 Stratigraphic Model Construction
The zinc polymetallic ore body is a layered sedimentary type, and the stratigraphic model can be quickly constructed by using the boundary demarcation DTM surface and the entity operation. In order to better show the smoothness and authenticity of the rock face, two sets of exploration lines in different directions are used to form the exploration network, and the spatial position complementarity relationship is used to make the plane smooth transition. Introduce the pre-processed two-section exploration line profile into 3DMine and vectorize it, hide the lines and points unrelated to the construction of the single rock layer interface, and blast all the lines, subject to the north-south exploration line, delete the intersection line For points with large elevation differences, use the Scatter Contour command to generate contours and use the Generate DTM Surface command to generate surface models. According to the horizontal projection of the rock layer interface, a suitable solid model is created, and the copying entity and the adjacent two rock layers are Boolean operations to generate a stratum model (Fig. 6).
(1) Combined with the specific mine examples, the construction process of the three-dimensional visualization model of the ore body is elaborated.
(2) By constructing a three-dimensional visualization model of complex ore bodies, the position between the surface, ore body, rock formation and roadway can be accurately and intuitively expressed, which provides a basis for mining designers to develop reasonable and safe mining design and construction planning. It can realize the rational planning and utilization of resources and the long-term scientific development of mines, and improve the economic benefits of enterprises.
[1] Zhai Dewen, Li Zhongxue, Li Chunming, et al. Visualization Technology and Its Application in Mining Industry[J]. Mining Research and Development, 2004, 24(6): 59-65.
[2] Li De, Zeng Qingtian, Wang Dewen. Research on 3D Visualization Mining Software Comprehensive Application Technology[J]. Mining Technology, 2009, 9(1): 19-23.
[3] Bak P, MillA.Three Dimensio nal Representation in a Geo-scientific Management System for the Minerals Industry [A].Three Dimensional
Applications in Geographic information system [C].Taylor & Francis,1989.[4] Beijing Dong Aoda Technology Co., Ltd. 3DMine Software Instructions (Second Edition) [Z]. Beijing: Beijing Dong Aoda Technology Co., Ltd., 2009 .
[5] Liu Yun, Gai Junpeng, Liu Ying. Establishing 3D model of mine geology using 3DMine software[J]. Mining Engineering, 2009, 7(5): 58-60.
[6] Xu Nengxiong, He Manchao, Jing Haihe. Three-dimensional visual modeling technique and application of discontinuous non-pleated rock mass[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2004, 23(15): 2534-2538.
[7] Yue, Mo talk, Wang Yu silver three-dimensional cross-sectional contour model [J] modern computer, 2009, (1): 62-64.
[8] Wu Lixin, Shi Wenzhong. Spatial Modeling Technology in Christopher Gold 3D GIS and 3D GMS[J].Geography and Geo-Information Science,2003,19(1):5-11.
[9] Wang iron, gold seeking wisdom, Zhihong distance power inverse ratio improved method and parameters preferably [J] Chinese Mining, 1994,3 (4): 47-50.
Source: Xinjiang Geology 2012, 30(2)
Author: Luoxian Wei, School of Resources and Safety Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
Qing-fa Chen, School of Resources and Safety Engineering , Central South University , Changsha 410083, China
Pan Guihai, Tongkeng Mine, Guangxi Huaxi Group Co., Ltd. , Hechi 547207 , Guangxi , China
Copyright:
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