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Mature battery technology is the premise of industrialization

The key to reducing energy storage costs is to solve the problems of safety and cycle life of energy storage batteries. A senior engineer from the Institute of Electrical and New Materials of China Electric Power Research Institute came to Xiaokang to point out that the breakthrough of these technologies is the premise of industrialization of energy storage. However, the maturity of battery technology may still take many years, and pessimism may exceed ten years.

Whether the lithium battery technology adopted by the Zhangbei demonstration project can represent the future development direction of energy storage technology is still controversial. Yang Yusheng, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, believes that although lithium-ion batteries have the advantages of high specific energy, high specific power, high energy conversion efficiency, long cycle life, etc., the current price of the technology is relatively high, and more importantly, the safety is still poor. Safety is paramount to the power system. He introduced that the lithium-ion battery pack of the Southern China Power Grid's energy storage demonstration project had smoked 22 times.

There are many kinds of energy storage battery technologies. According to incomplete statistics, there are 12 different technical routes for energy storage according to different fields. It is understood that Zhangbei 20MW energy storage demonstration project in addition to the use of 14 megawatts of lithium-ion battery technology, there are 2MW flow battery system, and the remaining 4MW of energy storage using which battery technology, the state network has not yet concluded . It is reported that 4MW of energy storage was originally reserved for Japan's sodium-sulfur battery technology, which accounts for more than 65% of global energy storage applications. However, according to Yang Xusheng, although sodium-sulfur batteries have the advantages of high specific energy, high conversion rate and long life, they are not safe. The Japanese energy storage power station using sodium-sulfur battery technology has suffered two fires in 2011.

“Which energy storage technology is not the key.” Xiaokang believes that Zhangbei’s energy storage demonstration project aims to provide energy storage enterprises with a future development direction, namely high safety and long life.

There are not many related companies currently engaged in energy storage in China. According to Yu Zhenhua, companies related to energy storage include various battery manufacturers, inverter manufacturers, application solutions providers, and engineering implementation companies. Currently, lead-acid battery manufacturers, lithium battery manufacturers, inverter manufacturers, and some key materials. The manufacturers are relatively mature, and other energy storage technologies have not yet formed scale.

Due to the lack of core raw material research and development technology, domestic battery companies are mainly in the processing stage of incoming materials. According to industry insiders who are engaged in lithium battery, because domestic energy storage has not formed a scale, domestic battery companies cannot form bargaining power when purchasing upstream raw materials. Therefore, the price of battery core raw materials is much higher than that of foreign counterparts. Reduce the price of the energy storage system.

To Xiaokang believes that most of the domestic battery companies start from OEM production, and it is difficult to really benefit even if the energy storage scale rises. To open up the downstream space and enhance the bargaining power, it is necessary to increase R&D investment along the direction of high security, long life and low cost, instead of building more production lines. At present, the global energy storage industry has just started, and it is not too late for domestic enterprises to intervene at this stage.

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