New energy and clean energy vehicles become the main direction of bus transfer in China's big cities
On December 12, Beijing's transportation department and environmental protection department announced a plan to invest more than RMB 10 billion in the next five years to upgrade the existing buses to electric cars and clean energy natural gas vehicles on a large scale.
As a major travel tool for China's big cities, buses play a decisive role. By 2017, Beijing, the capital of China, will have more than 21,000 buses; the total number of buses in Tianjin will also exceed 10,000 by 2016; Shanghai currently has more than 10 million passengers per day on the ground. Transportation experts and Xu Kangming, a distinguished professor at Chang'an University, said that compared with major cities in the world, buses in large cities in China are very large.
Since the beginning of this year, in the face of severe hazy weather, Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, and other cities with large bus scales are hoping to renew buses in large numbers to reduce vehicle exhaust emissions.
According to the plans of the Beijing Public Transport Group, in the next five years, Beijing Public Transport Group will update a total of 13,825 vehicles, including 4,058 new energy vehicles and 7,185 clean energy natural gas vehicles, which together account for 80% of the total.
“In fact, at present, Beijing is already the world’s largest clean energy natural gas bus city,†said a person in charge of the Beijing Bus Group. It is understood that Beijing's buses have already implemented Euro IV motor vehicle emission standards.
However, natural gas clean fuel is not the “ultimate choice†for buses in major cities in China, and electric buses are more popular. Beijing Bus Group's bus-to-electricity program to be launched will vigorously promote the use of new energy-driven vehicles, which will give priority to the development of mature dual-source electric buses.
Shuangyuan electric bus is an upgraded version of the trolley bus. In recent years, such buses have achieved "returns" in many major cities around the world. Xu Kangming said that trolley buses have been well protected in Moscow, Zurich, Milan, Lyon, San Francisco, and Vancouver. Currently, more than 300 cities around the world have trolley buses, and the total number of trolley buses has exceeded 40,000. In some cities with strong awareness of energy conservation and environmental protection, trolley buses have become the main force of urban public transport.
According to the plan, by 2017, Beijing will have dozens of lines to convert from diesel vehicles to electric vehicles, including pure electric vehicles, dual-source trolley buses, and extension buses. The 104 Express will be the first conversion line in Beijing in the last month of this year.
Cao Yan, the head of Beijing Bus Group's operation department, said that the dual-source trolleybus adopts lithium-ion power battery technology, which is convenient for charging with the existing cable network and has stronger endurance. Under normal road conditions, the off-line network can run 8-10 kilometers when encountered. It can bypass when there is serious congestion, and it has strong flexibility. The pure electric buses currently face the problems of limited charging sites and high costs in Beijing, and the bottleneck needs to be broken.
As in Beijing, many major cities in China have chosen to update their buses as electric new energy vehicles. From next year, Shanghai will develop new energy buses with a ratio of not less than 50%. Chinese automakers such as BAIC Group and BYD have their sights on this. The Beijing Automotive Group has set up a battery manufacturing company this year, and BYD's electric buses have been operating on some Chinese cities.
Behind the replacement of a large number of buses is the large amount of money invested by big cities. The Beijing transfer plan will invest more than 10 billion yuan in the next five years. In response, a person from the Beijing Public Transport Group stated that although a lot of money is invested, the cost of fuel can be saved a lot. At the same time, in the face of increasingly serious air pollution problems, the effects of tail gas emission reductions brought about by the “transit boom†of buses may be even more impressive.
It is understood that by 2017, among all 21,000 buses in the Beijing Bus Group, new energy and clean energy vehicles will reach 66%. Each year, fuel consumption can be reduced by 150,000 tons, and the saved fuel can be used for 100,000 cars for a year. Nitrogen oxide emissions will be reduced by 50% and particulate emissions will be reduced by 60%.
In response, an official from the Beijing Municipal Environmental Protection Agency stated that compared with private cars, bus exhaust emissions are also important. In the future, by adopting measures to reduce the use of private cars, large cities with large bus scales need to invest huge sums of money in order for buses to meet energy-saving and emission reduction requirements.
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