Research on Vehicle Intelligent and Collision Avoidance Program Entry Research
With the rapid development of microwave devices and integrated technologies, the collision avoidance system has achieved rapid development in the automotive field and soon entered the practical stage. Research on millimeter-wave radar collision avoidance technologies in Germany, France and other European countries has progressed rapidly. The automobile collision avoidance and alarm system jointly developed by Mercedes-Benz and the British Lawrence Electronic Company has been used in small cars, buses and trucks for many years and has good performance. In 1995, Japan's Toyota Motor Corporation took the lead in developing an active safety system. Mitsubishi and Hitachi also did a lot of research on millimeter-wave radar technology. Research in the United States started relatively late with respect to Europe and Japan, but currently the United States' automobile collision avoidance technology is already at the leading level in the world.
Research on the domestic automobile collision avoidance control system In the mid-1990s, China began to study the active safety collision avoidance system for automobiles. Many research institutes, such as Tsinghua University, Jilin University, and Southeast University, have done a lot of work and achieved certain results. However, compared with high investment and comprehensive R&D in foreign countries, domestic research is not concentrated enough, the depth of research is not enough, and the product functions of successful R&D are relatively single.
Principle of Automotive Active Safety Collision Avoidance System As a relatively mature active safety technology, automotive active safety collision avoidance control technology can automatically detect vehicles, pedestrians, or other obstacles that may collide with cars, and issue warnings, braking, or avoidance measures. Avoid collisions.
The vehicle active safety collision avoidance system consists of a vehicle ranging sensor, a gas gate position sensor, a wheel speed sensor, a road condition detection sensor, and a control system. Signal acquisition system: Using radar, laser, ultrasonic and other technologies to measure the speed of the vehicle, the speed of the preceding vehicle and the distance between the two vehicles. Data processing control system: The control chip reads the distance between the two vehicles and the relative speed of the two vehicles to determine the safety distance of the two vehicles. If the vehicle distance is less than the safety distance, the data processing control system will issue a command signal.
Executing agency: Responsible for implementing the instructions sent by the data processing control system and issuing an alarm. If the driver does not have a corresponding action, the implementing agency will take measures such as closing the windows, automatic braking, etc. Car Active Safety Collision Avoidance System Working Process The active safety collision avoidance system of a car can be divided into three parts: When the vehicle is running normally, the car's active safety collision avoidance system continuously calculates the safety of the vehicle.
When the system determines that the current state is dangerous, the collision avoidance system first closes the throttle. If the driver does not take the corresponding action, the system will automatically perform vehicle braking and steering, and call other related systems (such as ABS, ESP, etc.). After the vehicle returns to a safe state or the driver takes the correct action, the system automatically releases the control of the vehicle. When the system determines that the hazard cannot be avoided, the optimal passive safety control strategy will be selected based on the degree of danger and the type of obstacle (vehicle, pedestrian or other obstacle).
The key technologies of the key technology system of the active safety collision avoidance system of the vehicle mainly include the identification of the target vehicle in the driving environment, the acquisition of the motion information, the safety distance model and the collision avoidance control system model. Recognition of the driving environment The recognition of the surroundings and the environment of the vehicle during its driving is the basis for achieving the collision avoidance function, including the distance information from the vehicle to the target vehicle, the position of the brake pedal, and the throttle position. Sensors involved include: speed sensors, throttle position sensors, brake pedals, accelerator pedal sensors, etc.
The key to the identification of the driving environment is the measurement of the distance from the vehicle to the target vehicle. Distance measurement methods include ultrasonic distance measurement, infrared distance measurement, laser distance measurement, and radar distance measurement. For example, GM's collision avoidance alarm system uses laser radar technology; Germany's Mercedes-Benz Auto Company uses a millimeter-wave radar system produced by German ADC in the automotive initiative collision avoidance system.
The development of automotive active safety collision avoidance system predicts that the automobile collision avoidance control system becomes more and more complex. The auto collision avoidance system is based on modern information technology and sensor technology. The development of these technologies, especially the development of microelectronic technology, will inevitably lead to The rapid breakthrough in collision avoidance technology has led to more complex control algorithms and more varied control methods. Its environmental detection function, accident prediction and danger assessment functions, automatic control and execution capabilities are more prominent.
The automobile collision avoidance control system is more humanized. In the process of driving the vehicle, the driver, the automobile, and the road environment constitute a typical human-machine environment system, but the vehicle's own condition and environment have the characteristics of rapid change, uncertainty, and inaccurate description. Under such circumstances, the design and development of the vehicle collision avoidance control system has paid more and more attention to human-centeredness, taking into account both pedestrian and vehicle occupant safety.
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