Single photon superconducting array detector measures space fragment rotation period
The Yunnan Astronomical Observatory Applied Astronomical Research Group, which has achieved lunar laser ranging for the first time in China, has recently creatively applied single-photon superconducting array detectors to the space debris laser ranging field and achieved results, enriching the space debris monitoring methods.
Space debris laser ranging is a laser beam emitted from a laser emitting telescope to a space debris. The detector receives the laser echo reflected from the target. The timer measures the time from the transmission to the reception of the laser beam, and calculates the observer from the target to the target. the distance. This technology plays an important role in determining the laws of the earth's and ocean tides and monitoring space debris.
Researcher Li Yuqiang, the author of the paper, said that their research group cooperated with the Institute of Optoelectronics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Nanjing University to establish a space debris laser ranging system for superconducting array detectors in early 2017, and developed using the Institute of Optoelectronics. The high-power laser and the 2×2 array superconducting detector developed by Nanjing University have strong ranging capability. The superconducting array detector has high quantum efficiency, low dark noise and short recovery time. There is no distance gate in the ranging test, and it is in the state of free detection. It can not only detect laser echo photons, but also detect the sunlight reflected by the target.
It is the characteristics of high quantum efficiency and low dark noise of the superconducting array detector. He and Tang Rufeng and Li Zhulian obtained the high time resolution light curve of the target when carefully analyzing and processing the background light noise data. The light curve of some targets is processed, and the rotation information of the target is obtained. Based on the 1064 nm laser beam, they also successfully detected small space debris about 2,000 km away from the ground, reaching the world's advanced level.
This research expands the application of single-photon superconducting detectors, and realizes the simultaneous measurement of laser ranging and optical variation of some space debris by a new method, which has remarkable originality. The latest research results have been published in the international journal Optics Express.
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