How much does the "Twelfth Five-Year" noise pollution prevention know?

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"Twelfth Five-Year" Environmental Protection Plan Should Pay Attention to the Prevention of Noise Pollution

The National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Science and Technology and other 11 departments of the State Council have jointly issued the "Guidance Opinions on Strengthening the Prevention and Control of Environmental Noise Pollution to Improve the Acoustic Environment Quality in Urban and Rural Areas" (hereinafter referred to as "Opinions"). For the first time, multi-sectors will adopt a coordinated linkage mechanism to solve the noise nuisance problem, improve the quality of urban and rural acoustic environment, and build a quiet and comfortable living environment for the majority of residents. The Opinions require that a chapter on the prevention and control of noise pollution should be established in the environmental protection plan for the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan”, and that the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan” for railways, transportation, and civil aviation formulated by relevant departments should have the control content for traffic noise pollution. In this issue, the version of Noise Pollution will be interpreted by you.

1. What is noise pollution?

Noise is caused by natural phenomena and caused by people. Commonly referred to as noise pollution refers to human caused.

Classified noise pollution according to the mechanical characteristics of sound sources can be divided into: noise generated by gas disturbances, noise generated by solid vibration, liquid impact noise generated by electromagnetic and electromagnetic noise generated.

The properties of noise change over time can be divided into: steady-state noise, non-steady-state noise, fluctuating noise, intermittent noise, and impulse noise.

The main sources of noise pollution are mainly the following four types: 1 Industrial noise sources: various radiation-noise mechanical devices in factories, such as ventilators in operation, blowers, internal combustion engines, chainsaws, motors, wind shovels, air rivets, ball mills, vibrations Taiwan, Taiwan, punch, forging hammers and so on. 2 traffic noise sources: various cars, motorcycles, tractors, trains, airplanes, ships, etc. in operation. 3 Construction noise sources: Pile drivers, concrete mixers, road rollers, pavers, air compressors, rock drills, etc. in operation. 4 Sources of noise in social life: high-pitched speakers, social activities such as business and communication, and household appliances.

Characteristics One characteristic of noise pollution is its wide range of influence. A car passing by at night will awaken tens of thousands of residents along the street. The noise emitted by the high-pressure exhaust of power plants may affect the tranquility of a 10-kilometer radius. Another feature of noise pollution is no aftereffect. After the noise source stopped its activities, the noise pollution immediately disappeared. Once the chemical pollution of air and water is formed, it cannot disappear quickly.

2. In which areas will the prevention of noise pollution increase?

(I) Strengthen prevention and control of traffic noise pollution Fully implement the "Technology Policy for Prevention and Control of Ground Traffic Noise Pollution", and the two sides of elevated roads, expressways, expressways, and urban tracks in noise-sensitive building concentration areas (hereinafter referred to as "sensitive areas") should be supported. The construction of sound barriers and strict enforcement of bans, restrictions, speed limits and other measures. Accelerate the construction of railway interchanges in urban urban areas and gradually cancel the urban level crossings. Control the noise pollution of high-speed rails operating in urban areas. Strengthen the prevention and control of noise pollution around the airport and reduce aviation noise nuisance disputes.

(II) Reinforce construction noise pollution prevention and control Strict implementation of the “Construction Site Boundary Noise Limits” and investigate the construction noise exceeds the emission standards. We will strengthen the management of construction noise emission declarations and implement an environmental bulletin system for urban construction. The urban people's government shall limit the time for construction work according to law, and strictly limit the noise-contaminating construction work in sensitive areas during the night. Implement city night-time construction approval management, promote the noise automatic monitoring system to supervise the construction in real time, encourage the use of low-noise construction equipment and technology.

(III) Advancing prevention of noise pollution in social life The “Environmental Noise Standard for Social Living Environment” has been strictly implemented, and commercial operations are prohibited from using outdoor audio equipment to attract customers. Strictly control noise pollution in processing, maintenance, catering, entertainment, fitness, supermarkets and other commercial service industries, effectively control noise pollution caused by cooling towers, elevator rooms, water pump rooms, and air conditioners and other supporting service facilities, and strictly manage the style of sensitive areas. Activities and indoor entertainment. Actively promote the urban indoor comprehensive market to eliminate the open-air or street markets that disturb people. Strictly manage the interior decoration, clearly restrict the operation time, and strictly control the renovation work that generates noise in the residential buildings that have been completed and delivered. Strengthen the green exams during the national examinations such as the middle and senior high school entrance exams to create a good examination environment for candidates.

(IV) Deepening the Prevention and Control of Industrial Enterprises' Noise Pollution The “Environmental Noise Standard for Industrial Enterprises at the Plant Boundary” has been implemented to investigate and deal with the behaviors of industrial enterprises that cause excessive noise emission. To increase the intensity of shutdowns of excessive noise sources in sensitive areas, cities should shut down, relocate, and rectify a number of enterprises with serious noise pollution every year. By the end of 2015, noise emissions from industrial enterprises in sensitive areas will be achieved. Strengthen the prevention and control of noise pollution in industrial parks and prohibit high-noise pollution projects from entering the park. The prevention and control of noise pollution in industrial enterprises in rural areas.

3 How to strengthen noise source supervision and management?

Strict Acoustic Environment Access In the preparation of urban and rural construction, regional development, traffic development and other special plans, the section on acoustic environmental impact assessment is included in the planning environmental impact assessment document. Strict construction project acoustic environmental impact assessment, clear measures to improve noise pollution prevention and control requirements. Strict project environmental noise "three-simultaneous" acceptance management, noise emission projects that have not passed acceptance shall not be put into operation.

Strengthen key sources to supervise Urban environmental protection agencies should, in conjunction with related departments, determine the key noise emission source units in the areas of transportation, construction, social life and industry in the region, and strictly enforce various management systems to ensure that key emission source noise emissions meet standards. The urban environmental protection department shall complete the determination of key noise pollution sources by the end of 2011 to ensure that key noise emission sources meet the emission standards.

Improve the pollution source management system Strictly implement the noise pollution source deadline governance system, in accordance with the principle of territorial management, annual treatment of a group of key enterprises with excessive noise. Strictly lag behind the elimination system of process equipment, the high noise of the process equipment into the list of elimination. Explore the establishment of a facility noise signage system to clearly identify the noise emission levels of related products and the corresponding standards.

Actively solve noise and nuisance People strengthen noise pollution complaints and complaints disposal, unobstructed channel of complaints of noise pollution at all levels of environmental protection "12369", public security "110", urban construction "12319" hotline, and explore the establishment of multi-sectoral noise pollution complaint information sharing mechanism. The problem of noise pollution that exceeds the standards of discharge and seriously nuisances the public is included in the scope of inspection and supervision. Establish a noise-disrupting emergency response mechanism to prevent noise pollution from triggering group events.

The "Twelve Five" Outlook

What are the goals of urban and rural acoustic environment quality management?

Promote the continuous improvement of the quality of urban acoustic environment The implementation of the “Acoustic Environment Quality Standards” will continue to expand the area of ​​noise-compliant functional areas and increase the rate of nighttime noise compliance in functional areas. Urban areas shall be designated or adjusted according to the "Technical Specifications for the Application of Environmental Noise in Urban Areas". Before the end of 2011, the provincial environmental protection agencies shall be responsible for guiding the cities within their jurisdiction to complete the delineation and adjustment of the acoustic environment functional areas, and report the delineation of functional areas to the Ministry of Environmental Protection for the record.

Strengthen Accomplishment of Acoustic Environment in Key Cities National key environmental protection cities (hereinafter referred to as “key cities”) shall comprehensively improve the quality of urban acoustic environment. At the end of the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan”, sound environmental quality standards shall be fully met. Key cities should determine the area of ​​compliance and non-compliance areas, and formulate maintenance plans or further improvement plans. Noise reduction plans for non-compliance areas shall be implemented by the urban environmental protection agencies in conjunction with the departments of construction, transportation, railways, civil aviation, industry, public security, and culture, etc., formulated and reported to the people's government at the same level for approval. Before the end of 2010, major cities should complete the formulation and approval of the plan, and report it to the Ministry of Environmental Protection for the record.

Improve noise-sensitive area management policies and measures Improve the noise-sensitive area protection system, define the scope of sensitive areas and management measures, and increase the sound environment quality improvement in sensitive areas. Gradually establish a sound insulation quality acceptance system for civil buildings, and incorporate indoor acoustic environment testing into environmental protection acceptance of new buildings. We will implement the notification system for sound environmental quality of construction and promote the participation of property units in sound environmental management.

To further improve the quality of rural acoustic environment, strictly control the noise pollution during urbanization, and prevent the transfer of noise pollution from urban to rural areas. Sound environment management in scenic spots, nature reserves, etc. should be classified as noise sensitive areas for protection. All localities should incorporate prevention and control of environmental noise pollution in rural areas into daily environmental management.