One barrel of oil becomes more oil for heavy trucks or enters replacement period

Are you still using the same barrel of lubricant for the truck's drive axle and gearbox? If so, then you have to change this habit in time.

 

Recently, at a press conference, Zhao Jiandong, Director of Market Development Department of CNPC Lubricating Oil Company, a researcher of domestic heavy-duty vehicle lubricants market, and Lei Benjin, station leader of an easy-vehicle vehicle repair factory in Yunnan Province, unanimously stated that with the The load capacity of domestic cargo vehicles is increasing, and the use of larger output torque and multi-gear transmission will drive the heavy-duty vehicle lubricants currently on the market into upgrading.

Truck technology upgrades require higher quality lubricants

As we all know, lubricating oil is a daily essential item for trucks, mainly providing lubrication, cooling, and cleaning for engines, transmissions, and axles. With the upgrading of trucks, Zhao Jiandong pointed out that the lubricants for trucks on the market can no longer meet the requirements for the use of vehicles.

On the one hand, in recent years, the domestic domestic long-distance transport vehicles have become more and more heavy, have more than 14 tons of load capacity, and even have more than 20 tons of heavy and super-heavy trucks. Moreover, these heavy-duty trucks often travel across regions during long-distance transportation, and encounter long and steep slopes, sharp bends, and high altitude road conditions. All of these can cause the truck gear to be under heavy load for a long time.

On the other hand, as an expert with many years of heavy-duty truck repair experience, Zhao Jiandong emphasized that the advancement of heavy-duty truck manufacturing technology has also put forward higher requirements for the use of vehicle lubricants. "The widespread use of synchronizers requires that the oil must have controlled friction characteristics because the friction properties of the oil determine the frictional energy transfer of the synchronizer to the friction surfaces; due to the aerodynamic design of heavy-duty truck manual transmissions The operating temperature is increased by 25-30°C, which imposes more stringent requirements on the thermal oxidation stability of the transmission oil, and in this case, the highly active GL-5 lubricant is used in addition to generating large amounts of sludge at high temperatures. , affect the smoothness of the shift, but also cause corrosion of the copper alloy material in the gearbox, affecting the gearbox life.”

Zhao Jiandong said that according to the market research data of CNPC Lubricants in recent years, 76% of manual transmissions use the same APIGL-5 lubricant as the rear axle (most common lubricants on the market today) for trucks. Oil), not the manual gearbox oil; 40% manual gearbox failure is related to synchronizer failure due to poor frictional stability of the GL-5 oil and failure to pass the synchronous performance test; in addition, 38% of the manual gearbox fails And 40% of the rear axle failures are related to the failure of the seals. The reason why the seals fail is that the quality of the lubricants is not enough to cause internal damage of the transmission and the transaxle, and the wear is serious.

Lei Ben also pointed out that in recent years, with the continuous increase of heavy-duty truck tonnage, more and more vehicles have begun to match large-output torque, multi-gear transmission. Although these high-torque gearbox models are different, there are no exceptions to the frequent occurrence of early damage to the welding gearbox and reduction gears of the gearbox subassemblies during use.

“We have carefully analyzed some of the damaged parts and found that more than 80% of the damaged parts are tooth surface peeling damage, and the right gear tooth surface of the vehicle gear (because it is close to the lubricant) is not damaged by the left gear (because it Above the box, far from the lubricating oil, the damage is serious, and at the same time, the flanks that have not been peeled off have obvious tooth surface scratches caused by the failure of the lubricating oil. This shows that the tooth surface damage should be subject to long time After the bruises lead to spalling." Ray Ben added.

Non-mixable gearbox requires special lubricant

Lei Ben said: At present, in the automotive industry in China, in order to facilitate management and use, what brand of oil is generally used for the drive axle, and the gearbox also uses oil of the same brand name. Since some small gearboxes were used in previous years, the output torque was relatively small, the working conditions were not so harsh, and there were no other special requirements. The gearbox used the same products as the drive axle and did not show any big problems.

However, Lei Ben emphasized that with the rapid development of the automobile industry in recent years, many internationally renowned brands have introduced high-torque, multi-gear transmissions, and the original oil and oil products have not been able to meet the speed requirements of these models. The use of the box needs. These types of gearboxes have large transmission torque and high working temperature. They require good anti-high temperature performance, corrosion resistance, thermal oxidation stability, sealing material adaptability, and wear-resistance durability so that the brand benefits of the transmission can be truly realized. .

“The gearbox and drive axle are two different types of work on the car assembly, so the quality requirements for the lubricant are not the same. The gearbox oil is not as good as the drive axle oil but the anti-wear The durability requirement is higher than that of the drive axle oil.Because the working temperature of the gearbox is higher than that of the drive axle, its thermal oxidation resistance temperature must be higher than the currently widely used rear axle gear oil thermal oxidation resistance, so special gearbox oil is used. After that, the gearbox will not produce paint film and sludge, which will maximize the service life of gearbox gears and also extend oil change intervals."

In addition, Lei Benzeng further analyzed that the two oils are not allowed to be mixed, and the sludge is easy to produce after mixed use. “Especially, the new gearbox developed by Liberation and Dongfeng has a gear oil filter device, because the lubrication of the gearbox's second shaft and sub-tank gear is completely lubricated by the built-in oil pump. Once the sludge is produced, It is extremely dangerous to cause plugging of the filter and cause the circulation of the lubricant, which is very dangerous.We have a car in the loading test process that is not careful for the user. If the oil is not enough, the gear oil of the drive axle is mistakenly added. Obvious sludge deposits have occurred and the oil has deteriorated."

Therefore, after considering the comprehensive factors, Zhao Jiandong and Lei Benjin agreed that with the large transmission torque, multi-range gearbox with a wide range of applications, as well as the increasing truck load, transmission oil and drive axle It is no longer possible to apply "a barrel of oil". It is recommended that different lubricants be used separately.

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